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Empires to Nation-States

Before Islam

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Primary Sources

Ancient Near East Primary Sources. Google. Link to resourcenew window (accessed May 7, 2010). Primary sources in ancient Near Eastern History.

Author’s note: Thutmose III, one of the early pharaohs of the Egyptian New Kingdom, led military campaigns as far north as the Euphrates River in Syria and as far south as the 5th Cataract of the Nile River, in what is now Sudan. He described his campaigns in a text known as the Annals of Thutmose III. This text also offers insights into the ideology of kingship and justifications for conquest. (To reference this text begin with the introduction on page 175 of Breasted’s book noted below.)

Breasted, James Henry. “Ancient Records of Egypt: Historical Documents from the Earliest Times to the Persian Conquest.” Volume II. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1906. Google Books. Link to resourcenew window (accessed May 7, 2010). Annotation.

Author’s note: The Prism of Sennacherib contains records of eight Assyrian campaigns. In the text for the third campaign, Sennacherib describes the Assyrian siege of Jerusalem in 701 BCE, an event that is also recorded in the Bible (2 Kings 18-19; Isaiah 36-37; 2 Chronicles 32). (To find this text, scroll down to the middle of the page of the link noted below and click on the link “Column Two.”)

Hanson, K.C. “Sennacherib Prism.” K. C. Hanson's Collection of Mesopotamian Documents. Link to resourcenew window (accessed May 7, 2010).Translation of Akkadian clay prism, bibliography, notes.

Internet Ancient History Sourcebook. Fordham University: The Jesuit University of New York. Link to resourcenew window (accessed May 7, 2010). Local files and links to resources for ancient cultures’ history.

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